Ingxowa yengubo ye-biodegraph

Ubomi bengxowa-mali yengxowa:
Imveliso: Isitatshi sengqolowa sikhutshiwe kwizinto ezingafunekiyo, i-polymer yendalo efunyenwe kwitaki yengqolowa, ingqolowa okanye i-potato.
Emva koko i-microorganism iguqula ukuba ibe yimolekyuli encinci ye-lactic acid esebenza njengesiseko sokuveliswa kwee-polymeer ze-polylactic acid.
Imixokelelwane enqamlezileyo ye-polymeric ye-pollactic acid inika iphepha leplastiki elisebenzayo elisebenza njengesiseko semveliso yeemveliso zeplastiki ezininzi ezingengomazi.
Eli phepha leplastiki lithuthwe kwimveliso yemveliso kunye notshintsho lweengxowa zeplastiki.
Emva koko basasazwa kwizindlu zorhwebo zokusetyenziswa kunye nokurhweba kweengxowa ezihlanganisiweyo kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla.
Ingxowa isetyenziswa kwaye ke iba yinkunkuma (iqikelelwe ixesha lokusetyenziswa: imizuzu elishumi elinambini)
Inkqubo ye-biodegradition iba lixesha eliqikelelweyo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-9.
Iplaplastics ekhutshwe kwisitatshi sengqolowa iye yaba sisiphoso esinokupheliswa kwaye sibonisa imijikelezo yobomi obufutshane, amanzi aphantsi, athabatha ukukhula kwecandelo le-HOOROPS kwaye komeleza ulwandiso lwezityalo kwi Indlela yokunikezela. Kuyo yonke inkqubo yoMjikelo wobomi, iiarhente zongcoliseko zinciphise kude kube yi-1000% ngokuthelekisa nenkqubo yemveliso yeplastiki.
Ubuhlobo bengxowa-mali ehlanganisiweyo kukuba banokusetyenziswa njengesichumisi kwizityalo zasekhaya, kwaye kuyenza bakhule besempilweni kwaye bakhuthaze ukuphinda kwenziwe kweplastiki yeengxowa zeplastiki. Ngeengxowa ze-AMS ze-AMS, ngaphandle kokuvelisa ukuchithwa okungenasiphelo, kuthintelwe ukuqokelela inkunkuma engafunekiyo ukuze ihlawule umhlaba wokucoceka kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana kwenkunkuma ngenjongo yokuphucula iimeko zempilo yoluntu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Umntu ophakathi usebenzisa ibhegi yesiqhelo yeplastiki kangangesithuba sexesha eli-12 ngaphambi kokumphosa, ungaze ucinge apho unokuphelisa khona.
Ukanti uphelelwe ngummiselo womhlaba, ukuba ivenkile ye-testring yevenkile yokutya ithatha ikhulu okanye amawaka eminyaka yokuqhekeza-ngaphezulu kobomi bomntu. Iingxowa zenza isixa esoyikekayo seplastiki efumaneka kwisisu okanye iintaka zeentaka, kwaye ayimangalisi, thina kwi-1 ne-5 trillion iingxowa nyaka ngamnye.
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezinokuthengiswa zithengiswa njengezisombululo ze-eco, ezinokwazi ukuqhekeza kwinto engenabungozi ngokukhawuleza kuneplasitiki yemveli. Enye inkampani ibanga ibhegi yabo yokuthenga "iya kudana kwaye i-biodegrade kwindawo eqhubekayo, engenayo ingenakoyiswa" ukuba iphela njengenkunkuma kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Kwisifundo esipapashwe kule veki kwiSayensi yezeNdalo esingqongileyo kunye neTekhnoloji, abaphandi babeka iingxowa ze-eco-ges olwenziwe ngohlobo lwezinto eziphilayo kunye neplastiki kwaye zifakwe kwiivenkile ze-UK. Emva kweminyaka emithathu ingcwatywe egadini, enamanzi olwandle, wavezwa kukuvula ukukhanya nomoya okanye ilabhu okanye ilabhorali, akukho zishwanso zaphuka ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke iindawo.
Ixhaswe
Ngapha koko, iingxowa ezinokutsha eziye zashiywa ngaphantsi kwamanzi kwi-marina isenokubamba umthwalo opheleleyo wevenkile.
"Injani indima yenye yezi ezinye zezona zinto zinezinto ezintsha kunye neNovers?" Buza uRichard Thompson, i-biologi yebhayoloji yaselwandle kwiDyunivesithi yasePlymouth kunye noMbhali oPhakathi oPhezulu. I-polymer yikhonkco eliphindaphindayo lweekhemikhali ezenza ukuba kubekho iplastiki, nokuba yi-biodegrady okanye i-synthetic.
"Bacela umngeni ukuphinda baphinde basebenzise kwaye bacotha kakhulu ukuba bahlazeke kwindalo," utshilo uThompson, ecebisa ukuba abadlali beplani ye-biodegrade banokubangela iingxaki ngakumbi kunokuba basombulule iingxaki.
Yintoni abaphandi abayenzileyo
Abaphandi baqokelele iisampulu zeendidi ezintlanu zeengxowa zeplastiki.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwenziwe ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-polythylene - iplasitiki esemgangathweni ifumaneka kwiingxowa zevenkile yokutya. Isetyenziswe njengokuthelekisa iingxowa ezine ezibhalwe njenge-eco-friend:
Ingxowa yeplastiki enokwenziwa kwinxalenye ye-oystergoll
Iindidi ezimbini zeengxowa ezenziwe ngeplastiki ye-oxo-biodegrady, equkethe iinkampani ezithi iinkampani zinceda ukuqhekeka kweplastiki phantsi ngokukhawuleza
Ibhegi ehlanganisiweyo eyenziwe kwiimveliso zezityalo
Uhlobo lwengxowa nganye lubekwe kwiindawo ezine. Iingxowa zizonke kunye neengxowa ezinqunywe kwimigca yangcwatywa igadi yomhlaba ngaphandle, owenziwe ngamanzi aphantsi kwi-marina, ishiywe kwi-marina, okanye ivulelwe kwisitya esimnyama kwilebhu elawulwayo yobushushu.
Ioksijini, ubushushu kunye nokukhanya konke ukutshintsha isakhiwo seeposti zeplastiki, utshilo uJulia Kalon, umchiza wasePolymere ovela eyunivesithi yaseMantla-ntshona, owayengazibandakanyi kolu phando. Kananjalo ikwazi ukusabela kwamanzi kunye nokunxibelelana kweentsholongwane okanye ezinye iindlela zobomi.
Oko kufunyanisiweyo
Nokuba kwimeko enzima yaselwandle, apho i-algae kunye nezilwanyana zakhawuleza zagubungela iplastiki, iminyaka emithathu yayingeyonto yanele ukuba ihambe nakweyiphi na iplasitiki ngaphandle kweplasitiki ngaphandle kweenyanga ezintathu. Iingxowa ezihlaselweyo zezityalo, nangona kunjalo, zahlala zisebenza kodwa zibuthathaka xa zingcwatyelwa phantsi kwegadi kwiinyanga ezingama-27.
Olona nyango luphela luhlala luqhekezile zonke iingxowa lwalubonakalise umoya ovulekileyo ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezisithoba, kwaye kuloo meko ne-Poalyethylene ibhegi ye-Pollesine edlule ngaphambili kwiinyanga ezili-18.