I-Biodegradable Impahla yePlastiki Ingxowa

Umjikelo wobomi bengxowa evundisiweyo yile:
Imveliso: isitashi sombona sithathwe kwizinto eziluhlaza, i-polymer yendalo efunyenwe kwi-cornstarch, ingqolowa okanye iitapile.
Emva koko i-microorganisms iguqula ibe yi-molecule encinci ye-lactic acid esebenza njengesiseko sokuvelisa i-polymer chain of polylactic acid.
Imixokelelwane edityanisiweyo yepolymeric ye-polylactic acid inika indawo kwiphepha leplastiki elonakeleyo elisebenza njengesiseko sokucaciswa kweemveliso ezininzi zeplastiki ezingangcolisi.
Eli phepha leplastiki lithuthelwa kwiinkampani zemveliso kunye nokuguqulwa kweengxowa zeplastiki.
Emva koko zisasazwa kumaziko orhwebo ukuze zisetyenziswe kunye nokuthengiswa kweengxowa ezivundisiweyo kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla.
Ibhegi iyasetyenziswa kwaye emva koko ibe yinkunkuma (ixesha eliqikelelweyo lokusetyenziswa: imizuzu elishumi elinambini)
Inkqubo ye-biodegradation iba lixesha eliqikelelwayo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-9.
I-bioplastics ekhutshwe kwisitatshi sombona iye yaba sisixhobo esingapheliyo kwaye sinokuhlaziywa, inikezela imijikelo yobomi emifutshane kunye nevaliweyo efana namazinga okulima okukhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi aphantsi, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwecandelo lezityalo kwaye yomeleza ukwanda kwezityalo kwintsimi. indlela yokuncama.Kuzo zonke iinkqubo zomjikelo wobomi, ii-arhente zongcoliseko ziye zancipha kude kube yi-1000% xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yokuvelisa ingxowa yeplastiki.
Eyona nto iphambili kwi-Compostable bag kukuba ingasetyenziswa njengesichumiso kwizityalo zasekhaya, kwaye ngayo ibenza bakhule besempilweni kwaye bakhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kweengxowa zeplastiki.Ngeengxowa ze-AMS Compostables, ngaphandle kokuvelisa ukulahlwa okunokuphinda kusetyenziswe, kuyathintelwa ukuqokelela inkunkuma engeyomfuneko kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana kwenkunkuma ngenjongo yokuphucula iimeko zempilo yoluntu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Umntu oqhelekileyo usebenzisa isikhwama seplastiki esiqhelekileyo ixesha elifutshane njengemizuzu eyi-12 ngaphambi kokuyilahla, engazange acinge ukuba ingaphelela phi.
Kodwa xa sele ithunyelwe kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma, loo tote yevenkile yokutya ithatha amakhulu okanye amawaka eminyaka ukuba yaphule - ngaphezulu kobomi bomntu.Iingxowa zenza isixa esothusayo seplastiki efumaneka kwizisu zomnenga okanye kwiindlwane zeentaka, kwaye ayimangalisi - kwihlabathi jikelele, sisebenzisa phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-5 yeetriliyoni zeengxowa zeplastiki ngonyaka.
Iingxowa zeplastiki eziguquguqukayo zithengiswa njengezisombululo ezilungele ngakumbi i-eco-friendly, ezikwazi ukuqhekeka zibe zizinto ezingenabungozi ngokukhawuleza kuneeplastiki zendabuko.Enye inkampani ithi ibhegi yayo yokuthenga “iya kuthomalalisa kwaye yonakale ngendlela eqhubekayo, engenakuguqulwa nengenakunqandeka” ukuba iphelela ekubeni yinkunkuma kwindawo engqongileyo.
Kuphononongo olupapashwe kule veki kwiSayensi yokusiNgqongileyo kunye neTekhnoloji, abaphandi babeka iibhegi ekucingelwa ukuba zi-eco-friendly ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo kunye neplastiki kwaye zithathwe kwiivenkile zase-UK ukuya kuvavanyo.Emva kweminyaka emithathu engcwatywe kumhlaba wegadi, entywiliselwe emanzini olwandle, evezwe kukukhanya okuvulekileyo kunye nomoya okanye efihliweyo elabhoratri, akukho nanye ingxowa eyaphuka ngokupheleleyo kuyo yonke indawo.
Ixhasiwe
Ngapha koko, iingxowa ezinokonakala eziphilayo ezazishiywe ngaphantsi kwamanzi elwandle zazisenokugcina umthwalo ogcweleyo wokutya.
"Iyintoni indima yezinye zezi polima zintsha kunye neenoveli?"wabuza uRichard Thompson, isazi sebhayoloji yaselwandle kwiDyunivesithi yasePlymouth kunye nombhali ophezulu wokufunda.Ipolymer litsheyini eliphinda-phindayo leekhemikhali elenza ubume beplastiki, nokuba i-biodegradable okanye i-synthetic.
“Bacela umngeni ekusetyenzisweni ngokutsha kwaye bayacotha ukuthomalalisa ukuba bathe baba yinkunkuma kwindawo engqongileyo,” utshilo uThompson, ecebisa ukuba ezi plastikhi zinokonakala zinokubangela iingxaki ezininzi kunokuba zizisombulula.
Oko Kwenziwa Ngabaphandi
Abaphandi baqokelela iisampulu zeentlobo ezintlanu zeengxowa zeplastiki.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwenziwe nge-polyethylene ephezulu - iplastiki eqhelekileyo efunyenwe kwiingxowa zegrosari.Yayisetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa ezinye iingxowa ezine ezibhalwe njenge-eco-friendly:
Ingxowa yeplastiki ebolisiweyo ngokwenxalenye yamaqokobhe eembatyisi
Iintlobo ezimbini zeengxowa ezenziwe ngeplastiki ye-oxo-biodegradable, equlethe izongezo ezithi iinkampani zinceda iplastiki ukuba iphuke ngokukhawuleza.
Ingxowa evundisiweyo eyenziwe kwiimveliso zezityalo
Uhlobo lwengxowa nganye lwafakwa kwiindawo ezine.Iingxowa ezipheleleyo kunye neengxowa ezisikwe zibe yimicu zangcwatywa kumhlaba wegadi ngaphandle, zifakwe emanzini anetyuwa kwi-marina, zishiywe zityhilekile emini kunye nomoya ovulekileyo, okanye zitywinwe kwisikhongozeli esimnyama kwilebhu elawulwa ngubushushu.
I-oksijeni, ukushisa kunye nokukhanya konke kutshintsha isakhiwo seepolymers zeplastiki, utshilo uJulia Kalow, i-polymer chemist evela kwiYunivesithi yaseNorthwestern, owayengabandakanyekanga kolu cwaningo.Ngokunjalo kunokusabela emanzini kunye nokunxibelelana neentsholongwane okanye ezinye iintlobo zobomi.
Oko Kufunyenwe Zizazinzulu
Nakwimeko enzima yaselwandle, apho ubulembu kunye nezilwanyana zakhawuleza zayigquma iplastiki, iminyaka emithathu yayinganelanga ngokwaneleyo ukudiliza nayiphi na iplastiki ngaphandle kokhetho oluvundisiweyo olusekwe kwisityalo, olwathi lwanyamalala ngaphantsi kwamanzi kwiinyanga ezintathu.Iingxowa ezithathwe kwisityalo, nangona kunjalo, zahlala zomelele kodwa zaba buthathaka xa zingcwatywe phantsi komhlaba wegadi kangangeenyanga ezingama-27.
Unyango kuphela oluye lwaphula ngokuqhubekayo zonke iingxowa yayikuvezwa emoyeni ovulekileyo ngaphezu kweenyanga ezilithoba, kwaye kuloo meko nkqu umgangatho, isikhwama semveli se-polyethylene sahlakazeka saziingceba ngaphambi kokuba kudlule iinyanga ezili-18.